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Stalking is a pattern of repeated, unwanted behaviour directed at a specific person that causes them to feel harassed, intimidated, or fearful for their safety.
This behaviour can take many forms, including:
Repeatedly following or approaching someone.
Unwanted contact through phone calls, messages, or emails.
Sending unwanted gifts or letters.
Monitoring or spying on someone’s activities, including via social media.
Damaging the victim’s property or threatening their safety.
Spreading false information about the victim.
Stalking is characterised by a continuous and deliberate intrusion into the victim’s personal space or life,
causing significant emotional distress and fear. It often involves unwanted attention that escalates over time.
Stalking is an extremely dangerous behaviour that affects countless individuals, especially women, from all walks of life.
Contrary to popular belief, stalkers are not just interested in celebrities. About 80-90% of stalking cases involve everyday people who often know their stalkers personally, such as former partners, colleagues, or acquaintances.
Therefore, it is crucial to understand the different types of stalkers and their motivations in order to protect oneself.
The rejected stalker:
This type of stalker, often an individual who has been in a past relationship with the victim, is driven by the desire to reconcile or seek revenge after a breakup.
They refuse to take "no" for an answer, and their behaviours can range from persistent contact attempts to more threatening actions.
The resentful stalker:
Motivated by feelings of grievance and injustice, these stalkers seek to "punish" the person they blame for their misfortune.
They stop at nothing to make their actions vindictive and relentless.
The incompetent suitor:
These stalkers mistakenly believe their actions are romantic or welcomed by the victim.
They often lack social skills and misinterpret their own actions as expressions of affection despite being unwanted.
The intimacy seeker:
These individuals obsess over forming a close personal bond with the victim, even when no such relationship exists.
Their attempts to connect often cause significant emotional distress.
It is crucial to debunk common myths about stalking. For instance, ignoring a stalker may not make them go away.
Depending on the type of stalker, ignoring them could lead to escalated actions or their persistence in targeting someone else.
Demographically, stalking is a gender-neutral crime, with both male and female perpetrators and victims, but:
Most stalkers are men.
Statistics indicate that 75-80% of all stalking cases involve men stalking women.
Most stalkers know their victims. 60% are current or former intimate partners.
Most tend to fall into the young to middle-aged categories.
Most have above-average intelligence.
Many stalkers are anti-social, manipulative, deceptive, obsessive-compulsive, and have a history of failed relationships.
Stalkers come from every walk of life and every socio-economic background.
Virtually anyone can be a stalker, just as anyone can be a stalking victim.
WHAT TO DO:
Document everything, including times, dates, and descriptions of events.
Save all messages, emails, and any other evidence that can help prove the stalking behaviour.
Report to the authorities.
Inform the police or local law enforcement of the stalking.
Enhance personal safety.
Take steps to protect your privacy, such as adjusting social media settings, refraining from sharing personal information publicly, and securing your home and workplace.
Seek support from trusted friends, family members, or professionals who can offer emotional support and practical advice.
Get professional help if needed, depending on the severity and persistence of the stalker.
Professional intervention from law enforcement, legal advisors, and mental health experts may be necessary to ensure your safety.
In South Africa, stalking is primarily addressed under the Protection from Harassment Act 17 of 2011.
The Act provides protection for individuals from harassment and stalking, allowing victims to apply for a protection order against the perpetrator. The order can prevent the stalker from contacting or coming near the victim.
LEGAL CONSEQUENCES OF STALKING:
Protection order violations:
If a protection order is issued and the stalker violates its terms, they can be arrested immediately without a warrant.
A violation of the protection order is considered a criminal offence and can result in imprisonment.
Criminal Charges:
Stalking can also lead to criminal charges such as harassment, intimidation, or assault if the behaviour includes threats or physical harm.
The penalties for these charges can vary, but they often include fines, imprisonment, or both.
Imprisonment:
Under South African law, if found guilty of harassment or stalking, the punishment can include imprisonment for up to 5 years for a first offence.
If the stalker repeats the offence, the imprisonment term can be extended to 10 years.
Fines:
The court may also impose fines in addition to or instead of imprisonment, depending on the severity of the case and whether it is a repeat offence.
PROTECTION MEASURES:
Protection Orders:
Victims can apply for a protection order at a Magistrate’s Court.
If granted, the order restricts the stalker’s actions and aims to prevent further harassment.
Arrest:
If the stalker breaches a protection order, law enforcement can arrest the individual immediately, emphasising the seriousness of violating court orders.
Stalking is a serious offence in South Africa, reflecting its potential to cause significant harm.
Victims are encouraged to report stalking incidents promptly and seek legal protection to safeguard their well-being.
If you are a victim of stalking or feel threatened in any way, contact Mr Mike Bolhuis immediately.
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Regards,
Mike Bolhuis
Specialist Investigators into
Serious Violent, Serious Economic Crimes & Serious Cybercrimes
PSIRA Reg. 1590364/421949
Mobile: +27 82 447 6116
E-mail: mike@mikebolhuis.co.za
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